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''Pieris'', the whites or garden whites, is a widespread now almost cosmopolitan genus of butterflies of the family Pieridae.The highest species diversity is in the Palearctic. Many species of this genus have caterpillars which feed on cabbage and other members of the Brassicaceae. The chemical basis of this association with a certain plant group has been studied for over 100 years, and is now known to occur via a number of biochemical adaptations to chemicals called glucosinolates in these plants. In contrast to most other insects, ''Pieris'' caterpillars are able to detoxify these chemicals, and have become so specialised that they will not eat any food without glucosinolates. The ''Pieris'' females, in turn, check for the presence of glucosinolates before laying eggs on a plant. The crop-damaging species have spread from Eurasia to most of the rest of the world (most recently to South America and Africa) and are considered pest insects almost everywhere. The females of many ''Pieris'' butterflies are UV reflecting, while the male wings are strongly UV absorbing due to pigments in the scales. ==Species and notable subspecies== Arranged alphabetically.〔(''Pieris'' ), funet.fi〕〔(''Pieris'' ), BioLib.cz〕 * ''Pieris ajaka'' Moore, 1865 Kashmir * ''Pieris angelika'' Eitschberger, 1983 – Arctic White * ''Pieris balcana'' Lorkovic, 1970 – Balkan Green-veined White Southeast Europe * ''Pieris bowdeni'' Eitschberger, 1984 Iran, Turkey, Transcaucasia, Kopet-Dagh. * ''Pieris brassicae'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Large (Cabbage) White * ''Pieris brassicoides'' Guérin-Méneville, 1849 * ''Pieris bryoniae'' (Hübner, ()) – Dark-veined White or Mountain Green-veined White * ''Pieris canidia'' (Sparrman, 1768) – Indian Cabbage White * ''Pieris cheiranthi'' (Hübner, 1808) – Canary Islands' Large White * ''Pieris chumbiensis'' (de Nicéville, 1884) – Chumbi White * ''Pieris davidis'' Oberthür, 1876 West and Central China. * ''Pieris deota'' (de Nicéville, 1884) – Kashmir White * ''Pieris dubernardi'' Oberthür, 1884 West China * ''Pieris dulcinea'' (Butler, 1882) Northeast Korea * ''Pieris eitschbergeri'' Lukhtanov, 1996 Kirgisien, Inner-Tienschan may be synonym of ''Pieris deota'' (de Nicéville, ()) * ''Pieris ergane'' (Geyer, ()) – Mountain Small White * ''Pieris erutae'' Poujade, 1888 East Tibet, Yunnan (China) * ''Pieris euorientis'' (Verity, 1908) Altai Mountains to Central Yakutia * ''Pieris extensa'' Poujade, 1888 West China, Fukien, India * ''Pieris krueperi'' Staudinger, 1860 – Krueper's Small White * * ''Pieris krueperi devta'' (de Nicéville, 1884) – Green-banded White * ''Pieris lama'' Sugiyama, 1996 West China * ''Pieris mahometana'' (Grum-Grshimailo, 1888) Northeast Afghanistan and Pamirs * ''Pieris mannii'' (Mayer, 1851) – Southern Small White * ''Pieris marginalis'' Scudder, 1861 – Margined White * * ''Pieris marginalis reicheli'' Eitschberger, 1983 – Reichel's Margined White * ''Pieris meckyae'' Eitschberger, 1983 – Mecky’s White Alaska may be subspecies of ''Pieris marginalis'' * ''Pieris melete'' Ménétriés, 1857 – Gray-veined White Butterfly North India, and separately in China, Korea and Japan * ''Pieris naganum'' Moore, 1884 – Naga White * ''Pieris napi'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Green-veined White or Veined White * ''Pieris narina'' (Verity, 1908) Tian-Shan * ''Pieris nesis'' Fruhstorfer, 1909 Japan * ''Pieris ochsenheimeri'' (Staudinger, 1886) Mountains of Central Asia * ''Pieris oleracea'' Harris, 1829 – Mustard White * * ''Pieris oleracea frigida'' Scudder, 1861 – Newfoundland White * ''Pieris persis'' (Verity, 1922) Iran * ''Pieris pseudorapae'' (Verity, ()) South Europe, Turkey and Iran * ''Pieris rapae'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – Small White or (Small) Cabbage White * ''Pieris steinigeri'' Eitschberger, 1984 Weihsi (China) * ''Pieris tadjika'' Grum-Grshimailo, 1888 Kurdistan * ''Pieris virginiensis'' (W.H. Edwards, 1870) – West Virginia White 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pieris (butterfly)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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